Query optimization is a process in database management systems and artificial intelligence that aims to enhance the efficiency of query execution and data retrieval. By analyzing various potential execution plans and selecting the most efficient one, query optimization reduces the resources required and the time taken to fulfill a query. This is particularly important in AI applications that rely on large datasets, as it ensures quick access to relevant information for model training, inference, and decision-making. Effective query optimization techniques can include indexing, query rewriting, and cost-based optimization strategies, enabling organizations to improve the performance of their AI systems and databases significantly.