Regression analysis is a statistical method used to understand the relationships between independent variables and a dependent variable. In the context of artificial intelligence, regression analysis helps in predicting continuous outcomes based on input features. Common types of regression include linear regression, polynomial regression, and logistic regression, each serving different purposes. This technique is widely employed in machine learning for tasks such as forecasting, trend analysis, and risk assessment. By fitting a model to historical data, regression analysis provides insights into data patterns, allowing for informed decision-making and predictions in various applications.